python访问数据库api接口的方法（python如何写api接口）

1. 适用版本

适用于RPA2020.4以及以上版本，

2. 接口 API 手册

调用方式及字段，请参考论坛手册：

暂未在论坛公开，请向当地厂商技术索取

3. Python 调用代码

如果想用机器人来调 API 接口，可参考以下代码，其它语言逻辑一样:

import json

import time

import requests

from urllib import parse

import hmac

import base64

from hashlib import sha256

def rpa_rest_2020_4(host='',rest_type='',data_json=None,mode='',port=443,accesstoken=None,retry=2):

'''

host:地址，str型，示例：'https://192.168.202.11'

rest_type:str型，接口类型，示例：'/oapi/v1/job/create'

data_json:字典型，发送的报文数据json格式

mode:接口请求方式(get、post、delete及put)

port:int型，https端口

retry:int型，重试次数

返回值：get_field_json:字典型，

'''

get_field_json={'code': 40, 'msg': 'fail,意外情况','result':None}

#url参数转换

def json2Params(data_json):

get_field_json={'code': 41, 'msg': 'fail,转换URL参数失败!','result':None}

try:

data_json=json.loads(data_json)

url_str = ''

nums = 0

max_nums = len(data_json)

for key in data_json:

nums += 1

if nums == max_nums:

url_str += str(key) + '=' + str(data_json[key])

else:

url_str += str(key) + '=' + str(data_json[key]) + '&'

except Exception as e:

print('参数转化失败：',e)

url_str=''

finally:

return url_str

if mode != 'get' and mode != 'put' and mode != 'post' and mode != 'delete':

get_field_json={'code': 42, 'msg': 'fail,mode错误,只能为get、put、post或delete!','result':None}

return get_field_json

#获得签名sign

sign = ''

sign_yc = ''

url = host

if port != 443:

url = url + ':' + str(port)

url += rest_type

timestamp = None

#获取签名值sign：

try:

get_field_json={'code': 41, 'msg': 'fail,获取签名失败!','result':None}

#获得毫秒级时间戳(时间出入不能大于10分钟)

timestamp=str(int(round(time.time() * 1000)))

#处理json数据不为str类型的情况

for key in data_json:

data_json[key]=str(data_json[key])

#json排序

data_json=json.dumps(data_json,sort_keys=True)

#构造源串sign_yc

if mode == 'get':

json_str=json2Params(data_json)

sign_yc=json_str + '&token=' + accesstoken + '×tamp=' + timestamp

url = url+'?'+json_str

else:

sign_yc=str(data_json) + '&token=' + accesstoken + '×tamp=' + timestamp

print('源串：',sign_yc)

print('URL:',url)

#URL编码

url_bm = parse.quote(sign_yc, encoding="utf-8")

#sha256加密密码

byte_key = bytes(accesstoken, encoding="utf-8")

byte_url_bm = bytes(url_bm, encoding="utf-8")

hn256 = hmac.new(byte_key, byte_url_bm, digestmod=sha256)

hh256 = hn256.hexdigest()

#Base64编码

bb64 = base64.b64encode(bytes(hh256, encoding="utf-8"))

#获取sign

sign = str(bb64, "utf-8")

#替换rn

sign=sign.replace('rn', '')

print('签名值sign：',sign)

except Exception as e:

print(e)

return get_field_json

#开始尝试发送API

print('开始尝试发送API')

for count in range(retry):

print('尝试第',count+1,'次API请求任务。')

try:

print('开始尝试:',mode)

#post、delete、put

if mode!='get':

header_dict = {'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=UTF-8','accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}

if mode=='post':

if rest_type == '/oapi/v1/job/create':

header_dict = {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8','accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}

json_str=json2Params(data_json)

url = url+'?'+json_str

res = requests.post(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)

else:

json_str=json2Params(data_json)

url = url+'?'+json_str

header_dict = {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8','accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}

res = requests.post(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)

if mode=='put':

res = requests.put(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)

if mode=='delete':

res = requests.delete(url, data=str(data_json), headers=header_dict,verify=False)

if mode=='get':

header_dict = {'accesstoken':accesstoken,'timestamp':timestamp,'signature':sign}

res = requests.get(url,headers=header_dict,verify=False)

#获取返回值

res_text=res.text

#转化成json

get_field_json=json.loads(res_text)

print('请求成功!')

break

except Exception as e:

print('请求失败：',e)

get_field_json={'code': 40, 'msg': 'fail,发送API失败!','result':None}

return get_field_json

def get_token(host='',port='',accessKey='',secretKey='',retry=2):

'''

host:地址，str型，示例：'https://192.168.202.11'

port:int型，https端口

accessKey:str型，服务平台应用AppKey

secretKey:str型，服务平台应用AppSecret

retry:int型，重试次数

'''

get_field_json={'code': 44, 'msg': 'fail,获取token失败','result':None}

for i in range(retry):

try:

url = host

if port != 443:

url = url + ':' + str(port)

json_str='accessKey='+accessKey+'&secretKey='+secretKey

url = url+'/oapi/v1/token?'+json_str

res = requests.get(url,verify=False)

res_text=res.text

#转化成json

get_field_json=json.loads(res_text)

print('获取token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，成功')

break

except Exception as e:

print('获取token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，失败',e)

time.sleep(1)

return get_field_json

def refresh_token(host='',port='',refleshtoken='',retry=2):

'''

host:地址，str型，示例：'https://192.168.202.11'

port:int型，https端口

refleshtoken:str型，刷新token

retry:int型，重试次数

'''

get_field_json={'code': 44, 'msg': 'fail,刷新token失败','result':None}

for i in range(retry):

try:

url = host

if port != 443:

url = url + ':' + str(port)

json_str='refreshToken='+refleshtoken

url = url+'/oapi/v1/token?'+json_str

res = requests.get(url,verify=False)

res_text=res.text

#转化成json

get_field_json=json.loads(res_text)

print('刷新token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，成功')

break

except Exception as e:

print('刷新token，第'+str(i+1)+'次，失败',e)

time.sleep(1)

return get_field_json

4. 其它平台或客户端调用

4.1 其它平台调用

按照第 4 章的逻辑自行写调用代码即可。

4.2 机器人调用

按照第 4 章添加一个全局函数，在需要调用的地方使用全局函数控件即可。

注：需要提前获取token后调用，如无第三方平台对接，获取的token可存在共享变量里，分配权限调用，参考下图：

示例